Introduction and Scope of the Problem Opioids can be part of a safe and effective pain management strategy for patients when prescribed according to evidence-based guidelines. Clinicians may wish to change from one opioid or route to another for a…
Introduction and Scope of the Problem Despite recognition of the importance of pain management, relative availability of effective pain medications in the United States, and multiple published guidelines for the management of pain, the undertreatment of pain in patients with…
This book section provides information about the use of existing repurposed drugs in cancer treatment and their clinical applications. Developing the same drug which has previously been designed for a certain disorder, to serve a new therapeutic application for the…
Acknowledgments The authors acknowledge Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT), the Portuguese Agency for Scientific Research, for financial support through the Research Project no. 016648 (Ref. POCI-01-0145-FEDER-016648), the project PEst-UID/NEU/04539/2013, and COMPETE (Ref. POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007440). The Coimbra Chemistry Centre is supported…
Introduction of nanomedicine Nanomedicine was first entered the preclinical in the mid-1980s, and the first product is PEGylated adenosine deaminase enzyme that was approved by FDA in early 1990 [ ]. Ever since then, scientists hold great passion in this…
Introduction Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. Given the unmet need for more effective anticancer therapy, intense efforts have been invested in searching for better anticancer drugs in a more efficient manner. Pharmaceutical companies and academic investigators alike…
Acknowledgments A Ph.D. stipend of the Chinese Scholarship Council to G.Y. is gratefully acknowledged. Introduction The development of drug resistance, which eventually leads to therapy failure and tumor relapse, emerges as a major challenge in cancer treatment. Clinic drug resistance…
Introduction Lung cancer is one of the most common and serious types of cancer, which causes the highest cancer mortality among men and women worldwide. The two major types of lung cancers are small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and non-small…
Acknowledgments We want to apologize to all authors whose work could not be cited due to space restrictions/limitations in this chapter. Introduction Cancer in general is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide [ ]. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC),…
Hepatocellular carcinoma Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major health problem with devastating consequences associated with treatment failure. It has an estimated global incidence of more than 850,000 new cases annually [ ]. HCC is currently the second leading cause of…