Introduction Salivary gland obstruction accounts for about 50% of all benign salivary gland diseases. Sialolithiasis is one of the most frequent causes of inflammatory changes within the large salivary glands. Some salivary stones are expulsed with the saliva through the…
Introduction Most patients presenting with obstructive symptoms of the submandibular gland (SMG) are afflicted with salivary stones rather than stenosis, and salivary gland stones are a more frequent cause of SMG obstruction than of parotid obstruction, in a ratio of…
Introduction Diagnostic sialendoscopy is fundamental in the assessment and the treatment of salivary gland ductal pathology. Because of this diagnostic modality, the main duct, secondary, and tertiary branches can practically all be explored and evaluated. Diagnostic sialendoscopy can either be…
Introduction Papilla crossing is one of the key points for sialendoscopy, especially in submandibular sialendoscopy. After the papilla has been crossed, the sialendoscopy can begin. Instead of papilla crossing, other approaches to the salivary duct may also be needed. For…
14.1 The Marchal Instruments Salivary Endoscopy Relies on Several Factors 1. The size of the papilla and the difficulty to pass the papilla without traumatizing it 2. The caliber of the ducts 3. The diameter of the scope 4. The…
Introduction The applications of sialendoscopy continue to increase. Whether in isolation or as an accessory to more invasive techniques, sialendoscopy has expanded gland-sparing options for the management of non-neoplastic salivary disorders. Appropriately, this has caused an increased interest in the…
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Introduction Chronic sialadenitis is the most common benign disease of the major salivary glands and is usually the result of obstruction of salivary flow due to calculi, strictures, or both. Chronic sialadenitis, particularly in the parotid gland, may also be…
Introduction There was a paradigm shift in the understanding of the pathogenesis of sialoliths, also known as salivary calculi, at the turn of the century. This was the result of experimental and clinicopathologic investigations that led to the discovery that…
9.1 Ranula Introduction A cyst can be defined as a pathologic cavity having fluid, semifluid, or gaseous contents, and not created by accumulation of pus. It does not necessarily have an epithelial or endothelial lining; inclusion of lining in the…