Introduction Notwithstanding the evident advances in cancer screening, detection of disease, and treatment options, health disparities in cancer care and treatment remain the leading cause of life-years lost in the United States. This trend continues to plague minority populations at…
Introduction Social determinants of health (SDOH) defined broadly are the nonclinical factors that impact a person's health. According to the World Health Organization, SDOH consist of the conditions in which people are born, grow, learn, work, and age. Alongside schools…
Introduction Cost in healthcare is a complex, multifaceted topic that affects every stakeholder differently. Understanding the financial implications of surgical care as a social determinant of health (SDH) has become an increasingly crucial aspect of this field of study. Patients…
Acknowledgements Preparation of this chapter was supported by NIH grants R01-AG073053, R01-CA261752, UG3-CA260317, U19-AG051426, and P30-AG017265, and the Breast Cancer Research Foundation. Introduction Beginning in 2007, a series of RNA profiling studies found that human beings who were exposed to…
Introduction An emerging hypothesis about disparities in cancer risk and outcomes among disparity populations is that psychological and social stressors impact biological processes that play a role in the initiation and progression of disease. Allostatic load is an indicator of…
An Introduction to Social Epidemiology Healthy People 2030 emphasizes the need to focus on the social determinants of health (SDH), specifically with the goal to “create social, physical, and economic environments that promote attaining the full potential for health and…
Introduction Health outcomes are mediated by the intersection of socioeconomic and environmental factors with healthcare. Although life expectancy and disease outcomes have improved over time, it is important to note these improvements have not been equal across all populations, with…