Genesis Constraint as the cause of multiple sutural synostosis (sagittal, metopic, coronal, and/or lambdoid) is unusual and may only result from a profound degree of prenatal head constraint. The complete restoration of normal form after early and effective surgery is…
Genesis Lambdoidal craniosynostosis occurs in approximately 1 in 40,000 births and accounts for 2% to 4% of all cases of craniosynostosis. Previously, misdiagnosis of nonsynostotic deformational posterior plagiocephaly with occipital flattening as lambdoidal craniosynostosis resulted in apparent epidemics of craniosynostosis,…
Genesis Metopic synostosis occurs in about 0.67 to 14 per 10,000 births. It accounts for 10% to 20% of patients, making it the third most common type of craniosynostosis in the clinic. It is characterized by trigonocephaly, lateral supraorbital retrusion,…
Genesis Coronal craniosynostosis is the second most common type of craniosynostosis, accounting for 20% to 30% of cases. Constraint-induced unilateral coronal craniosynostosis can be secondary to early descent of the fetal head into a constraining position or aberrant fetal lie…
Genesis Early descent of the fetal head into the maternal pelvis (as early as 4 to 6 weeks before delivery) with fetal head entrapment that results in biparietal constraint is considered the most common cause of sagittal craniostenosis. This mode…
Genesis The term craniostenosis (literally translating as “cranial narrowing”) is used to describe the abnormal head shape that results from premature fusion of one or more sutures, whereas craniosynostosis is the process of premature sutural fusion that results in craniostenosis.…
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Genesis Brachycephaly translates literally to “short head” and refers to a head that is shortened in the anteroposterior dimension and wide between the biparietal eminences when viewed from above. The most frequent cause of brachycephaly is constant supine positioning during…
Genesis The postmortem diagnosis of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) was introduced midway through the twentieth century, but its association with infant sleeping position was not established until the 1990s. Sudden infant death syndrome is considered to have a multifactorial…
Genesis Plagiocephaly , which literally translates from the Greek term plagio kephale as “oblique head,” is a term used to describe asymmetry of the head shape when viewed from the top ( Fig. 25-1 ). It is a nonspecific term…