This chapter aims to complete the basic knowledge provided in by chapter 4 , by analyzing the state of the art of surgical robot control methods. Classes of surgical robots Until now, five classes of surgical robot are distinguished, although…
Regardless of purpose, robotics fundamentally describes a combination of mechanics, sensors, electronics and software. Since surgical manipulators can be extremely specific depending of their intended application, it is not possible to consider surgical robotics without a basic knowledge of what…
The craniofacial region is a complex association of bone structures and soft tissue through which numerous essential neurovascular and sensory structures pass. Remodeling by pathologic processes and previous treatments often hinders the surgeon's spatial orientation, which is further aggravated by…
Computer-assisted surgery consists in using the calculation power, data storage and graphic display capabilities of microcomputers to make a real-time match between the spatial coordinates of sensors affixed onto an instrument used by the surgeon and the corresponding points on…
From stereotactic frames to image-guided surgery B. Lombard In the history of medicine, the advent of a new technology has often heralded a leap forward, either by enhancing the physician's perceptual acuity, revealing new diagnoses, or by placing a new tool…