Nontyphoidal Salmonella species are found widely in animals and cause a broad spectrum of clinical infections that include asymptomatic carriage, gastroenteritis, bacteremia, and metastatic focal infections. In contrast, Salmonella serotypes Typhi and Paratyphi A, B, and C are human-specific pathogens…
Microbiology The genus Serratia, family Yersiniaceae fam.nov, order Enterobacterales ord.nov (former family Enterobacteriaceae), contains at least 15 species. Serratia marcescens is the primary pathogenic species in humans, but a few cases of human infections are caused by S. liquefaciens ,…
Microbiology and Epidemiology Organisms belonging to the genera Proteus, Providencia, and Morganella are phylogenetically related members of the family Morganellaceae fam.nov , order Enterobacterales ord.nov. (former family Enterobacteriaceae) and are often referred to as the Proteeae. All members of these…
Plesiomonas shigelloides is a common inhabitant of surface water and fish and is a cause of acute gastroenteritis, mainly in travelers to tropical regions, and uncommonly of severe extraintestinal infections in children. Description of Pathogen Microbiology P. shigelloides is the…
Microbiology, Epidemiology, Clinical Manifestations, and Treatment More than 99% of Enterobacterales recovered in clinical laboratories belong to a few dozen species. Three species— Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, and Klebsiella pneumoniae —made up of more than 90% of isolates, and several…
Microbiology And Epidemiology The genus Citrobacter has undergone significant taxonomic revision through the use of newer techniques based on DNA relatedness. The genus contains 13 named species: Citrobacter freundii, C. koseri (formerly C. diversus ) , C. amalonaticus, C. youngae,…
Microbiology And Epidemiology The recent taxonomic re-classification of the former Enterobacteriaceae family places the genera Enterobacter and Cronobacter as members of the Enterobacteriaceae family, while Pantoea has been reassigned to the Erwinaceae family. The genus Enterobacter has undergone significant taxonomic…
Granuloma inguinale, also known as donovanosis, is a chronic, slowly destructive, ulcerative disease of the skin and subcutaneous tissues caused by Klebsiella (formerly Calymmatobacterium ) granulomatis . , Uncommon in industrialized countries, donovanosis historically has been seen among adolescents and…
Microbiology And Epidemiology The genus Klebsiella , family Enterobacteriaceae, order Enterobacterales, contains at least five Klebsiella species and three Raoultella species: K. pneumoniae, K. oxytoca, K. granulomatis, K. variicola, K. singaporensis, R. terrigena, R. ornithinolytica, and R. planticola . These…
Escherichia coli is a genetically diverse species comprising nonpathogenic gut commensals and strains responsible for intestinal and extraintestinal infections in humans. Commensal E. coli is the predominant facultative anaerobe of the human gut microbiota, and it colonizes the gastrointestinal (GI)…