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Psychodermatology
Introduction Psychodermatologic disorders include psychophysiologic skin conditions that compromise quality of life and primary psychiatric disorders associated with somatic expression of stress that results in skin findings. A number of primary psychodermatoses are reviewed, including trichotillomania, delusions of parasitosis, skin…
Genital disorders
Introduction Children may present to their pediatrician, dermatologist, urologist, or gynecologist with anogenital skin disease. This portion of the chapter highlights some of the most commonly encountered conditions affecting infants, prepubertal children, and adolescents. Recognition of these cutaneous disorders not…
Oral cavity
Introduction A comprehensive skin examination should always include close inspection of the mucous membranes, particularly the mouth. Clinical findings in the oral mucosa may provide clues to the diagnosis of an underlying systemic disease ( Fig. 9.1 ), and some…
Disorders of the hair and nails
Introduction Diseases of the hair and nails are an important part of pediatric dermatology. Both hair and nails are composed of keratin, produced by the hair follicle and nail matrix. Some diseases are specific to these structures, while others affect…
Reactive erythema
Introduction The term reactive erythema refers to a group of disorders characterized by erythematous patches, plaques, and nodules that vary in size, shape, and distribution. Unlike other specific and intrinsic dermatoses, these represent cutaneous reaction patterns triggered by a variety…
Pigmentary disorders
Introduction Although most disorders of pigmentation in infancy and childhood are of cosmetic concern only, some provide clues to an underlying multisystem disease. Disorders of pigmentation may be differentiated clinically by the presence of either increased or decreased pigmentation (and…
Nodules and tumors
Introduction Nodules and tumors in the skin often raise fears of skin cancer. Fortunately, primary skin cancer is extremely rare in childhood, and most infiltrated plaques and tumors are benign ( Table 5.1 ). Hemangiomas, congenital nevi, and tumors of…
Vesiculopustular eruptions
Introduction Vesiculopustular eruptions range from benign, self-limited conditions to life-threatening diseases. Early diagnosis, especially in the young or immunocompromised child, is mandatory. An algorithmic approach to diagnosis for vesiculopustular dermatoses is summarized at the end of the chapter (see Fig.…
Papulosquamous eruptions
Introduction Papulosquamous eruptions comprise a group of disorders characterized by the presence of superficial papules and scale. These conditions account for a large number of patients in both pediatric dermatology and pediatric primary-care practice. In disorders of keratinization (psoriasis, pityriasis…