Acknowledgements Dr. Akhtar is supported in part by the National Institute on Drug Abuse award number 2UG3DA044826. Dr. Feinberg is supported in part by the National Institute on Drug Abuse award number 2UG3DA044825 and the National Institute of General Medical…
Background The syndemic of injection drug use (IDU) and HIV infection has been well recognized since the origin of the HIV epidemic. Although transmission in persons who inject drugs (PWID) was documented in 1977 [ ], phylogenetic analysis suggests that…
Acknowledgments I gratefully acknowledge research funding from the US National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Drug Abuse Grant DA037820. I thank Dr. Sarah Mars for extensive feedback and Dr. Jay Unick for creating Fig. 1.1 . Introduction The opioid overdose…