Indications Performed in patients with intact wrist extension supported by the extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB) who require transfer for active finger flexion. Patients must be at least class 3 on the International Classification for Surgery of the Hand in…
Indications In group 1 patients, the brachioradialis (BR) is available for tendon transfer to provide wrist extension. After restoration of wrist extension, tenodesis can create passive lateral key pinch, leading to significant improvement in a patient’s independence and ability to…
Indications Restoration of a strong, stable pinch between the pad of the thumb and the radiolateral aspect of the index finger is critical for spinal cord injury (SCI) patients. This facilitates manipulation of small objects, including pens and utensils for…
Indications After restoration of elbow extension, wrist extension is next on the reconstructive ladder for tetraplegic patients. This procedure is suitable for International Classification of Surgery of the Hand in Tetraplegia Group 1 patients who have available brachioradialis (BR) but…
Indications Restoration of elbow extension is critical for patients with tetraplegia. It enables patients to perform various overhead and manual activities and sets the stage for subsequent reconstruction of the upper extremity. Patients should have a supple elbow joint on…
This chapter gives an overview of the indications, clinical exam, and principles for the surgical treatment of spinal cord patients who desire reconstruction of the upper extremity. The corresponding procedure details are found in Chapter 70, Chapter 71, Chapter 72,…
Indications An anterior interosseous nerve (AIN) transfer to the motor branch of the ulnar nerve is used to restore ulnar intrinsic hand function. It is performed for both chronic ulnar nerve compression and acute high ulnar nerve injury. For chronic…
Indications Tendon transfers may be indicated to restore specific functions in patients with combined nerve injuries and resultant motor function loss with no expected recovery. Combined upper extremity nerve deficits typically result from severe trauma to the arm or after…
Indications Tendon transfers are indicated for patients with radial nerve injury who have failed to regain sufficient motor function. Critical deficits for patients with radial nerve injury include wrist extension, finger extension, and a combination of thumb extension and abduction.…
Tendon transfers for low and high ulnar nerve injury Indications Management of ulnar nerve injuries is challenging given the distance required to reach the distal innervation targets of the ulnar nerve in the hand. Tendon transfers are indicated for patients…