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The fingertip refers to the part of the finger that is distal to the insertion of the flexor and extensor tendons. Local flaps of the hand, including the palmar V-Y advancement flap, cross-finger flap, and thenar flap, are often used…
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Introduction As with reconstruction elsewhere on the body, surgeons must keep in mind the “reconstructive ladder” when repairing hand defects. Consider treatment options that range from “simple to complex” and from “local to distant.” Local flaps are composed of skin…
Indications for reconstruction The word mangled derives from a French word meaning “cut to pieces,” or a Latin word for to “cut or lop off.” Mangled extremities are typically defined as the result of a traumatic injury that harms three…
Indications Surgery is indicated for cases that do not respond to conservative therapy. Conservative therapy includes one to two steroid injections (usually performed with or without ultrasound guidance), nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications, splinting, and avoiding activities that cause symptoms. If it…
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Primary trigger finger is commonly seen in healthy middle-aged women with a frequency two times that of men. Commonly affected sites are the thumb and middle and ring fingers. Secondary trigger finger is often seen in patients with diabetes, rheumatoid…
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Indications Extensor tendon injuries are relatively common. The mechanism of finger extension is more complicated than that of flexion. It is achieved through the synergistic action of both extrinsic and intrinsic muscles with contribution from several passive ligamentous structures. Extensor…