Introduction Disorders of the facial nerve most commonly develop because of a variety of infectious and inflammatory processes. Involvement of the facial nerve can occur anywhere along its course ranging from the posterior fossa, temporal bone, to parotid gland either…
Introduction The facial nerve is afflicted by paralysis more frequently than any other nerve in the body, most commonly in its peripheral segment as it courses through the temporal bone. The functional and cosmetic implications of facial paralysis carry the…
Introduction A cochlear implant is an implanted medical device that restores the ability to perceive sound. The two patient populations that have benefited most from cochlear implants are children with congenital or early-onset profound hearing loss and postlingual adults who…
Introduction This chapter is devoted to a review of active middle ear implants that are currently approved by the US food and drug administration (FDA) and are available locally as a surgical rehabilitation option for select hearing impaired individuals. These…
Introduction Bone-anchored devices conduct sound through bone vibration, bypassing the external and middle ear conductive apparatus Useful in patients with conductive or mixed hearing loss who cannot benefit from conventional amplification and are not candidates for surgical correction of their…
Video 134.1 , Video 134.2 , Video 134.3 , Video 134.4 , Video 134.5 , Video 134.6 , Video 134.7 , Video 134.8 , Video 134.9 , Video 134.10 , Video 134.11 , Video 134.12 , Video 134.13 The early…
Introduction Definition Otosclerosis is a disease of the otic capsule characterized by both resorption and bony deposition with associated neovascularization. This abnormal bony growth of the otic capsule will eventually result in fixation of the ossicles, frequently at the stapes…
Introduction Conductive Hearing Loss Conductive hearing loss results from restriction of sound wave energy in displacing the basilar membrane of the organ of Corti. Conductive hearing loss not of middle ear or tympanic membrane origin can result from obstruction in…
Introduction Myringoplasty and tympanoplasty are surgical procedures designed to address pathology of the tympanic membrane and the middle ear, respectively. Both procedures restore the integrity of a perforated tympanic membrane, while tympanoplasty also addresses pathology in the middle ear, such…
Introduction Complications from acute otitis media or chronic otitis media can be divided into extracranial complications (i.e., facial nerve paralysis, labyrinthitis, and subperiosteal abscess) and intracranial complications. Intracranial complications of otitis media include meningitis, epidural abscess, subdural abscess (empyema), brain…