Introduction In many countries, external ethmoidectomy is rarely performed due to the widespread adoption of endoscopic techniques. However, in some clinics where endoscopic equipment is not available, the external ethmoidectomy approach is still an important technique used in the management…
Introduction The decision to proceed with ethmoidectomy in the context of endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) should be based on the patient’s pathology, degree of symptoms, and response or lack of response to appropriate medical therapy. The goal is to eliminate…
Acknowledgment I would like to thank Satyan B. Sreenath, MD for his work on this chapter and figure production Introduction Both benign and malignant tumors may originate within or around the maxillary sinus and hard palate. These tumors may arise…
Introduction Medial maxillectomy is most commonly indicated for resection of tumors of the nasal cavity, lateral nasal wall, and medial maxillary sinus. The incision most commonly used for exposure is the lateral rhinotomy. This offers the best exposure for a…
Introduction An oroantral communication occurs when there is an abnormal connection between the maxillary sinus and the oral cavity. The communication may be the result of trauma, osteomyelitis, pathologic lesions, or foreign bodies such as dental implants or endodontic material.…
Introduction The Caldwell-Luc procedure was named after two surgeons, Caldwell and Luc. They both described a similar procedure, with Caldwell advocating an inferior meatal antrostomy and Luc advocating enlargement of the natural ostium in the middle meatus. Caldwell practiced in…
Introduction Since the 1980s, the surgical approach to the maxillary sinuses has been revolutionized by the endoscopic endonasal approach. The goals of treatment of maxillary sinus disease are aeration and resumption of normal mucociliary flow. Additionally, there is an increasing…
Introduction Sinus surgery continues to evolve, greatly enhanced by technological innovations. Thirty years ago, largely due to advances in endoscopic visualization, functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) became less extirpative than traditional operative sinus surgery. Now another stage in this evolution…
Introduction The nose is the most prominent part of the face defining an individual’s unique identity. It plays an important role functionally and aesthetically. However, the prominent position of the nose also accounts for its constant exposure to sunlight and…
Introduction Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder with incomplete penetrance that is characterized by arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) in various organs and mucocutaneous telangiectasias in the nose, oral cavity, gastric mucosa, and fingers. Diagnosis is based on…