Description Open breast biopsy is a technique used to obtain tissue samples for the histologic diagnosis of breast masses. Open biopsy techniques remove more tissue in larger specimens than do core biopsy methods. Indications Breast mass or suspicious lesion (palpable;…
Description Core breast biopsy is a technique used to obtain small tissue samples for the histologic diagnosis of breast masses. It has become the preferred method of histologic diagnosis for breast masses. Indications Breast mass or suspicious lesion (palpable; nonpalpable…
Description Marsupialization is the drainage and permanent fistulization of a symptomatic cystic dilation of the Bartholin gland. This provides an alternative to the obstructed anatomic drainage of the Bartholin gland. Indications Symptomatic cystic dilation of the Bartholin gland. Asymptomatic cysts…
Description Bartholin gland cyst/abscess drainage is an acute drainage of a symptomatic cystic dilation of the Bartholin gland. Indications Symptomatic cystic dilation or abscess of the Bartholin gland. Asymptomatic cysts in women younger than 40 years do not require treatment;…
Description Fluid is removed from breast cysts via aspiration. This may be performed for both diagnosis and therapy. Indications Palpable breast mass that is credibly considered to be cystic in nature. Contraindications Local skin infection, known or suspected allergy to…
Description Amniocentesis is the sampling of fluid from around the growing fetus for prenatal biochemical or genetic diagnosis. For these purposes, amniocentesis is being replaced by chorionic villus sampling and cell-free DNA analysis. Amniocentesis may rarely be used to reduce…
Introduction Description: Uterine rupture is characterized by the breach of the uterine wall (new or after previous uterine surgery such as cesarean delivery) that may result in significant maternal or fetal morbidity or mortality. This should be distinguished from uterine…
Introduction Description: Uterine inversion is the turning inside-out of the uterus immediately after delivery. Uncommon and often iatrogenic, this may be associated with catastrophic bleeding and cardiovascular collapse. The condition also has been reported in nonpregnant patients with intrauterine pathology…
Introduction Description: Uterine atony is the loss of uterine tone after delivery that often manifests as a postpartum hemorrhage. Postpartum hemorrhage is sometimes divided into primary (first 24 hours after delivery) and secondary (up to 12 weeks postpartum), although the…
Introduction Description: Trauma and violence are the leading causes of maternal death and death for women at reproductive age. The most common cause of fetal death in automobile accidents is the death of the mother. The altered physiologic state of…