Introduction Description: Vulvar vestibulitis (provoked vulvodynia) is an uncommon syndrome of intense sensitivity of the skin of the posterior vaginal introitus and vulvar vestibule, with progressive worsening, leading to loss of function. Provoked pain in other areas of the vulva…
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Introduction Description: Vulvar hematoma is the swelling of one or both labia because of interstitial bleeding, most often after blunt trauma. Predominant Age: Most common in childhood and teen years but may occur at any age. Genetics: No genetic pattern.…
Introduction Description: Squamous cell cancer of the vulva generally manifests as an exophytic ulcer or hyperkeratotic plaque. It may arise as a solitary lesion or develop hidden within hypertrophic or other vulvar skin changes, making diagnosis difficult and often delayed.…
Introduction Description: Lichen sclerosus is a chronic condition of the vulvar skin that is characterized by thinning, distinctive skin changes, and inflammation. It is non-neoplastic and involves glabrous skin and the vulva. The term lichen sclerosus et atrophicus has been…
Introduction Description: Lichen planus is a non-neoplastic epithelial disorder that affects glabrous skin, hair-bearing skin and scalp, nails, mucous membranes, or the oral cavity and vulva. Prevalence: Unknown, but relatively common. Estimated to affect 0.5%–2% of the population. Predominant Age:…
Introduction Description: Labial adhesions (synechia vulvae) are agglutination of the labial folds that result in fusion in the midline. Prevalence: 1%–2% of female children. Predominant Age: Peak is 2–6 years; may be found at any age up to puberty. May…
Introduction Description: An imperforate hymen is the most commonly encountered anomaly that results from abnormalities in the development or canalization of the müllerian ducts. Prevalence: Uncommon. Thought to be 1/5000 live-born females. Predominant Age: Generally not diagnosed until puberty; occasionally…
Introduction Description: Hypertrophic vulvar dystrophy (lichen simplex chronicus) is a thickening of the vulvar skin over the labia majora, outer aspects of the labia minora, and clitoral areas. Eczematous inflammation or hyperkeratosis may be present. Prevalence: Common, 40%–45% of non-neoplastic…
Introduction Description: Hymenal stenosis is the thickening or narrowing of the hymenal opening, resulting in difficulty with tampon use and intercourse. Prevalence: Uncommon. Predominant Age: Congenital, although generally diagnosed in the early reproductive years. Genetics: No genetic pattern. Etiology and…