Introduction Description: A Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor is a rare sex cord tumor of the ovary that comprises male elements and may be associated with virilization. Tumors vary in size but are generally 5–15 cm in diameter when incidentally found. Prevalence:…
Introduction Description: Serous ovarian cysts are a group of benign and malignant epithelial tumors of the ovary that are characterized as serous cells. These tumors are the most commonly encountered epithelial ovarian tumors. When malignant, these tumors tend to be…
Introduction Description: Pseudomyxoma peritonei is the intraperitoneal spread of a mucin-secreting tumor (either a mucinous cystadenoma or carcinoma), which results in recurrent abdominal masses, often-massive ascites, and multiple bowel obstructions. This tumor most frequently begins in the appendix. Prevalence: Roughly…
Introduction Description: Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is a serious, diffuse, frequently multiorganism infection of the pelvic organs that results in significant morbidity. The term refers to a spectrum of inflammatory disorders of the upper female genital tract, including any combination…
Introduction Description: Ovarian torsion involves the twisting of a part or all of the adnexa on its mesentery, resulting in tissue ischemia and frank infarction. This usually involves the ovary but may also include the fallopian tube. Prevalence: Uncommon; 2%–3%…
Introduction Description: The most common benign ovarian tumor is the ovarian fibroma, which is composed of stromal cells (fibroblasts). Although benign, these tumors are sometimes associated with ascites and hydrothorax (Demons syndrome, Meigs syndrome, 1% of patients). Prevalence: 4% of…
The Challenge Description: An ovarian cyst is a cystic growth within the ovary, generally arising from epithelial components and most often benign. Scope of the Problem: Benign ovarian tumors are most frequently diagnosed at the time of routine examination and…
Introduction Description: Ovarian cancer is a malignancy that arises in the ovary and generally has an epithelial origin. This represents the second most common malignancy of the genital tract (after endometrial cancer), but it is the most common fatal gynecologic…
Introduction Description: A group of benign and malignant epithelial tumors of the ovary that are characterized by mucin secretion. These tumors tend to be the largest types of ovarian masses encountered and may be 30 cm or greater in size.…
Introduction Description: A Krukenberg tumor is a metastatic tumor (generally from the gastrointestinal tract) that is characterized by large signet-ring cells. The most common site of origin is the stomach or large intestine. Named after Friedrich Ernst Krukenberg (1871–1946), who…