Abstract Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) is a new infection of the lung parenchyma that develops more than 48 hours after hospital admission. Epidemiologic data suggest that HAP occurs in up to 1.6% of patients, prolongs hospital stay by 2 to 3…
Abstract There have been several new developments concerning community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) since the prior version of Netter’s Infectious Diseases ; these include: advances in molecular diagnostic methods to identify the causative pathogen; increasing awareness of viral etiology; decreasing rate of…
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Abstract Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are a group of acid-fast bacteria that are ubiquitous in the environment. They have been isolated from water and soil, and, when it is possible to identify the etiology, related infections are almost always associated with…
Abstract Herpes simplex viruses (HSVs) are double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) viruses that cause lifelong infection and frequent reinfections or reactivations. There are two types of HSV: HSV-1, the cause of human cold sores, and HSV-2, the usual cause of genital…
Acknowledgments The authors wish to acknowledge the work of previous edition authors Gregory Raugi and Thao U. Nguyen. Abstract Fungal infections of the skin can be divided into superficial and deep infections. The vast majority are superficial and are caused…
Abstract This chapter discusses those soft-tissue infections that are truly life threatening. As such, early clinical recognition is the most important aspect of their clinical management. Staphylococcal and streptococcal toxic shock syndromes (referred to here as StaphTSS and StrepTSS, respectively)…
Abstract Localized purulent infections of the skin are extremely common in all parts to the world, in all age groups, and in both sexes. Staphylococcus aureus is the single most common cause of these infections; most are minor, requiring only…
Abstract Pathologically, cellulitis is defined as a diffuse area of soft tissue infection characterized by leukocytic infiltration of the dermis, capillary dilatation, and proliferation of bacteria. Clinically, cellulitis is recognized as an acute infection of the skin characterized by localized…
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