The rapid development of imaging and histopathologic techniques, in conjunction with an altered pattern of disease and treatments late in the 20th century, has changed the “standard” of testing for small bowel function and anatomy. Testing has now become a…
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of a group of functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorders characterized by abdominal discomfort or pain and frequently associated with a change in bowel movements ( Fig. 61.1 ). Worldwide, IBS is the most frequent symptom…
Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO) is a clinical syndrome that mimics the signs and symptoms of intestinal obstruction ( Fig. 60.1 ). In patients with CIPO, no mechanical obstructive lesion is found on evaluation. CIPO is now thought to be a…
Intestinal obstruction occurs when the onward passage of intestinal contents is limited by mechanical abnormalities or a functional disturbance ( Fig. 59.1 ). Peristaltic activity may be abolished by reflexes originating from diseased structures within, or remote from, the abdominal…
You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here
A diverticulum of the small bowel is a “blind” outpocket from the hollow viscus that consists of one or more layers ( Fig. 57.1 ). Incidence at autopsy ranges from 0.2% to 0.6%. Diverticula are less common in distal areas…
The yolk sac is connected to the primitive tubular gut by the vitelline (omphalomesenteric) duct in early embryonic stages and is normally obliterated about the seventh week of fetal life. Failure of the duct to disappear results in a variety…
Congenital lesions develop in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and may cause intestinal obstruction ( Fig. 55.1 ). Almost all presentations are in newborns and necessitate immediate surgery. The most common site of complete obstruction or atresia (congenital absence or closure)…
You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here
Although the small bowel is long and convoluted, imaging modalities allow its visualization ( Figs. 53.1 and 53.2 ). Barium contrast studies, computed tomography (CT) with enterography, and several forms of endoscopy (direct, wireless capsule, double balloon) are used to…