History The signature operation of facial rejuvenation is the rhytidectomy. Of all the procedures designed to remedy the effects of aging, the rhytidectomy has the most profound ability to improve the patient's appearance. The first recorded efforts to surgically rejuvenate…
Introduction Asia is the largest and most populous continent and encompasses a myriad of cultures and ethnicities. As such, “Asian aesthetics” also encompass diverse issues and vary significantly throughout the continent. For the purposes of this chapter, we will discuss…
Introduction Traditional lower blepharoplasty consists of an open approach, transcutaneous procedure in which variable amounts of skin, muscle, and fat are excised. Inherent to this technique is a predilection for rounding of the canthal angle and lower eyelid retraction ,…
Introduction The transcutaneous skin-muscle flap blepharoplasty has a long history in the field of cosmetic eyelid surgery. As with any surgical approach, it has distinct advantages and disadvantages. The chief advantage of the transcutaneous approach is the capacity to treat…
Introduction Lower blepharoplasty has evolved significantly since its early descriptions . Traditional surgery involved an open transcutaneous approach that allowed the excision of skin, muscle, and fat sequentially through the same subciliary incision . Although still a common approach to…
History The evolution of ptosis surgery can be studied and categorized from an anatomical point of view. These categories include skin excision, frontalis suspension, resection of tarsus and/or Müller's muscle, and levator resection. Each technique has undergone periods of transformation,…
Introduction Upper blepharoplasty has evolved significantly since its early descriptions focused on rudimentary techniques of skin excision only . In the 20th century, the first detailed description of internal upper eyelid anatomy emphasizing the presence of distinct fat compartments within…
Introduction The shift towards less nonsurgical techniques to rejuvenate the periorbital area continues, and patient requests for procedures involving minimal downtime with less “surgical” results increase each year. The American Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgeons reported that patients received a…
Over the past 27 years, the endoscopic foreheadplasty has evolved into the procedure of choice for aesthetic surgeons with a goal of rejuvenating the brow-forehead complex. Harmony between brow position, symmetry, and improvement of forehead and glabella wrinkles can be…
History The brow has historically been overlooked in the rejuvenation of the aging face. The focal procedure of facial rejuvenation has always been the rhytidectomy. Surgical forehead rejuvenation began at the turn of the 20th century . Passot has been…