34.1 Background Diabetes is the most common metabolic complication of pregnancy and is independently associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Some of these adverse outcomes are in common with those occurring in women with obesity alone (e.g. caesarean delivery), while others…
It has been estimated that diabetes affects an estimated 415 million people globally and is projected to increase to 642 million by 2040. There is also an equally high burden of prediabetes, approximately 318 million people and likely to increase…
32.1 Introduction Obesity has been recognised as an important public health problem, and worldwide the prevalence of obese pregnant women continues to rise. In the United States, approximately 61%–64.5% of the total population is classified as either overweight or obese;…
31.1 Introduction The proportion of the female population either overweight or obese has increased significantly in recent years and pregnancy in this group of women is associated with significant health problems. Pregnancy in obese women is associated with increased risk…
30.1 Introduction The antenatal period can be a difficult time for pregnant obese patients to manage their weight. There is often the misconception that a pregnant person needs to “eat for two” and a patient may need educating that a…
Many infections in pregnancy have little effect on maternal health, and may result in minimal or no maternal symptoms unless the mother is immunocompromised. Acute maternal infection can have significant consequences on the mother right through pregnancy because of immunological…
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Pregnancy in elderly obese women poses increased maternal and foetal risks; The World Health Organization classifies obesity into: class I BMI (Body mass index) 30.0–34.9 class II 35.0–39.9 class III 40 or greater There has been an increase in prevalence…
26.1 Introduction Obesity poses an increased risk for women before, during, and after pregnancy. Traditionally obesity is calculated using weight and height and is classified by the WHO (World Health Organization) into class I BMI (Body Mass Index) 30.0–34.9, class…
25.1 Introduction The prevalence of obesity is on the rise and is a major health concern in pregnancy. It is associated with comorbidities posing risks to the health of both the mother and her unborn foetus. Planned optimum antenatal care…