Complications related to peritoneal dialysis (PD) can be categorized as infectious or noninfectious. Noninfectious complications, including abdominal hernias, catheter malfunction, and exit site leaks, occur in continuous ambulatory PD (CAPD), continuous cycling PD/automated PD (CCPD/APD), and intermittent PD (IPD). More…
Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is the modality of kidney replacement therapy in about 15% of the dialysis population worldwide. Despite the advances in technology and antibiotic therapy, peritonitis remains a major cause of technique failure and morbidity in PD patients. Although…
Introduction Peritoneal dialysis (PD)–related infections, including peritonitis, exit site infections, and tunnel infections, remain an important cause of morbidity and technique failure. While peritonitis is usually the most frequent and morbid event among the infectious complications, exit site and tunnel…
The success of peritoneal dialysis (PD) as kidney replacement therapy for end-stage kidney disease and acute kidney injury relies upon a functional access to the peritoneal space for exchange of water and solutes. This access represents a controlled cutaneoperitoneal fistula…
Introduction Among patients receiving kidney replacement therapy, it is well established that persistent volume overload is associated with higher mortality. In peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients specifically, the Initiative of Patient Outcomes in Peritoneal Dialysis (IPOD-PD) study is a large prospective…
Introduction One of the primary purposes of peritoneal dialysis (PD) is to clear solutes that are normally removed by the kidney. In this chapter, we will discuss the determinants of solute clearance, how to measure and evaluate it, and how…
Introduction Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a form of home-based kidney replacement therapy (KRT) used to treat patients suffering from kidney failure. Small solute and fluid removal are achieved using diffusion and convection across the peritoneal membrane, enabled by PD solutions.…
Peritoneal dialysis (PD) cyclers were initially designed for intermittent PD to perform many frequent and short dialysis exchanges within a hospital setting. Following the introduction of continuous cycling PD (CCPD) and variations thereof, the cycler underwent modifications that allowed a…
Dialysis Adequacy for Patients Receiving Peritoneal Dialysis A major goal of dialysis therapy is to restore patients to their previous quality of life. For most patients, the objective is to eliminate uremic symptoms, such as poor appetite and fatigue. This…
Overview of Vascular Access Infections In 2017, in the United States, there were more than 468,000 prevalent and 108,000 incident hemodialysis patients. Provision of hemodialysis requires direct access to a large vein to enable venous blood to be pumped through…