Study Guidelines 1. Recognise that the mature spinal cord is not segmented internally. 2. Recall that the ventral horn cells take the form of columns rather than laminae. 3. Recognise that ‘unconscious sensation’ remove simply means that the ascending afferent…
Study Guidelines 1. Describe the fate of immature neurons during embryonic development within the developing spinal cord (some send out ventral roots, others project along the marginal zone to form fibre tracts) and of the neural crest. 2. Outline the…
Study Guidelines 1. Resolve the paradox that, despite an outflow restricted to 14 or 15 ventral roots, all 31 spinal nerve trunks acquire sympathetic fibres. 2. Appreciate that the sympathetic ganglia along the abdominal aorta are activated by preganglionic fibres,…
Study Guidelines 1. Review the electrical events of action potentials, described in Chapter 7 , as it applies to the basic principles described here. 2. Describe the performance of a motor or sensory nerve conduction study (NCS) and predict the…
Study Guidelines 1. Define sensory unit, sensory overlap, receptive field, and receptor adaptation. 2. State locations and properties of the three kinds of encapsulated receptor. 3. Sketch a hair follicle with its nerve palisade and rings. 4. Name two kinds…
Study Guidelines 1. Be able to outline the differences in motor units with respect to movements of all kinds and with respect to the functional significance of their sizes and muscle chemistries. 2. Sketch a motor end plate, indicating the…
Study Objectives 1. In a cross section of a peripheral nerve, be able to identify the different connective tissue sheaths. 2. Describe the anatomic classification of nerve fibres and its relationship to their function. 3. Describe the mechanism of myelination…
Study Guidelines 1. Contrast electrical and chemical synapses and describe the differences between ionotropic receptors and metabotropic receptors. 2. List the three major second messenger systems in the CNS and the functions of a second messenger. 3. List the criteria…
Study Guidelines 1. List the different types of ion channels and provide a description of how they function. 2. Describe the resting potential with respect to the major ions involved in its formation. 3. Be able to distinguish and describe…
Study Guidelines 1. Give an account of neuronal structure. 2. Give an account of synaptic structure and function and outline the lock and key analogy used in pharmacology. 3. Explain how a demyelinating disorder can compromise conduction. 4. Draw up…