Keywords immunizations hepatitis B vaccine All Preterm Infants Vaccine doses should not be reduced for preterm infants. Use thimerosal-free vaccines. Intramuscular injections to preterm infants might require a shorter needle than the standard 5/8 to 1” needle. Immunizations may be…
Physiologic Parameters Blood Pressure TABLE B.1 Blood Pressure Values in Neonatal Period after Two Weeks of Age, by Gestational Age Modified from Nickavar A and Assadi F. Managing hypertension in newborn infants. Int J Prev Med . 2014;5(Suppl 1):S39-S43. Gestational…
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Upper Extremities Congenital abnormalities of the upper extremities are those that occur during the embryonic period. Developmental deformities are those that occur primarily in the fetal or neonatal period. Because a developmental deformity may have a prenatal association, such as…
Bacterial infections of the neonatal skeletal system are potentially disabling because of damage to the articular cartilage and epiphysis. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are imperative to prevent sequelae. Unfortunately, neonates with skeletal infections do not usually have the classic symptoms…
Musculoskeletal abnormalities of the extremities, spine, and pelvis are common in the neonate. Some are pathologic and others physiologic in origin from normal in utero positioning. The congenital absence of all or part of a limb, deformities of the feet…
Introduction Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) was first described ~70 years ago as retrolental fibroplasia . The introduction of closed incubators with the use of high levels of supplemental oxygen caused inhibition of the growth of retinal vessels in premature infants,…
“The eye is the light of the body; therefore, if the eye is good, then the whole body will be full of light, but if the eye is bad, then the whole body will be full of darkness.” Clinicians should…
This chapter provides an overview of the principles of newborn skin care followed by a summary of the many diseases of the newborn presenting with primary or secondary cutaneous manifestations. A basic understanding of the structural development of the skin…
In the past 25 years, the field of clinical neonatal nephrology has expanded significantly in concert with major advances and changes in the care and survival of neonates, particularly premature neonates. The widespread use of invasive vascular catheters, for example,…