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Emergency Department Body Imaging for the Sick Child
Key Points Abdominal ultrasound serves as a first-line imaging modality in diagnosis of intussusception. The first imaging modality in a child with suspicion for foreign body ingestion is a frontal radiograph of the neck, chest, and abdomen. Surgical intervention is…
Emergency Department Neuroimaging for the Sick Child
Key Points Acute neuro emergencies in children require a low imaging threshold. Emphasize the role of imaging in pediatric neuroemergencies and the promising role of rapidly evolving ultrafast magnetic resonance imaging. Describe the key imaging findings of commonly encountered pediatric…
Imaging of Musculoskeletal Infections Related to Recreational Drug Use
Key Points Imaging evaluation of musculoskeletal infections in recreational drug use is usually performed using radiographs, which are frequently nonspecific but may guide early treatment and can be used for subsequent monitoring of treatment algorithms. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is…
Abdominal Emergencies in Geriatric Patients
Key Points Acute abdominal diseases frequently have atypical presentations in geriatric patients. Patients with intraabdominal sepsis may not have a fever or elevated white cell count, and conditions usually associated with abdominal pain (e.g., cholecystitis, pyelonephritis) may present as generalized…
Abdominal Emergencies in Bariatric Patients
Key Points Bariatric surgical interventions require a multidisciplinary approach preoperatively and postoperatively. Fluoroscopy, abdominal ultrasound, and computed tomography are the most commonly utilized imaging modalities in assessing these patients. There are a number of common and uncommon complications (e.g., leaks,…
Abdominal Trauma in Pregnant Patients
Key Points The primary objective during early management of pregnant female trauma patients is maternal stabilization, given that maternal survival will optimize the chances of fetal survival. The risk of fetal harm due to ionizing radiation should not be of…
Nontraumatic Abdominal Emergencies in Pregnant Patients
Key Points Normal physiological changes of pregnancy often interfere with clinical evaluation of pathological causes of abdominal pain. Imaging, particularly ultrasound, and increasingly magnetic resonance, plays a critical role in evaluation of abdominal pain in pregnancy. Various processes can lead…
Abdominal Emergencies in Cancer and Immunocompromised Patients
Key Points Contrast-enhanced abdomen and pelvis computed tomography is often a more appropriate initial imaging strategy for oncology and immunocompromised patients with acute nonlocalized abdominal pain compared with radiographs, ultrasound, or magnetic resonance imaging. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, molecular targeted therapies,…
Chest Emergencies in Pregnant Patients
Key Points In pregnant patients presenting with signs of acute myocardial infarction with no known history of coronary artery disease, spontaneous coronary artery dissection should be suspected. Patients with preexisting vascular conditions, such as aortopathies and hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia, should…