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Drugs During Pregnancy and Lactation

  • Joined: May 10, 2024
  • Articles: 43

Immunosuppression, rheumatic diseases, multiple sclerosis, and Wilson’s disease

Immunomodulators include immunosuppressive and immunostimulatory agents. Within the group of immunosuppressants (Sections 2.12.1–2.12.3 ) a differentiation is made between glucocorticoids, conventional synthetic disease-modifying drugs and biologics. The immunostimulatory drugs (Sections 2.12.5–2.12.6 ) basically include the cytokines, interferons, glatiramer and colony…

Psychotropic drugs

Women of childbearing age are often affected with depressive, psychotic or other psychiatric disorders, which require medication during pregnancy. Psychopharmaceuticals during pregnancy constitute both a potential risk to the developing fetus as well as a possible benefit through improvement of…

Heart and blood medications

Profound hemodynamic changes take place during pregnancy. The blood volume starts to expand at the fifth gestational week, and by the end of pregnancy it has increased by 50%. Vascular resistance and blood pressure decrease, while the resting pulse increases…

Vaccines and immunoglobulins

Vaccines protect pregnant women against serious infectious diseases through activation of the immune system. The induced antigen-specific antibodies are actively transferred through the placenta and protect her child as well. There are three types of vaccines: live viral or bacterial…

Anti-infective Agents

Infections may be hazardous to the health of the mother, the course of pregnancy, and the unborn child. They can lead to premature labor or premature rupture of membranes and thereby increase the risk for spontaneous abortion and prematurity. Furthermore,…

Nausea and vomiting in pregnancy

More than half (50–80%) of pregnant women suffer from nausea and vomiting (NVP), also known as morning sickness – although symptoms may persist the whole day. Usually limited to the first trimester, NVP may continue throughout the entire pregnancy. NVP…

Antiasthmatic and cough medication

Bronchial asthma affects 4–12% of pregnant women worldwide. During pregnancy, asthma should be adequately treated not only for the benefit of the mother but also to safeguard proper fetal oxygenation. Severe, poorly treated asthma is associated with adverse perinatal outcomes…