Key Points 1. Infantile hemangiomas undergo an initial rapid proliferation for several months before subsequently “leveling off” then eventually involuting, a process that may take years to complete. 2. Topical timolol gel-forming solution has been a breakthrough therapeutic option for…
1 What is a mole? A mole is a small burrowing mammal belonging to the family Talpidae. It is also a term commonly used to describe a melanocytic nevus. 2 What is a nevus? Derived from the Latin term meaning…
Key Points: 1. Pellagra is due to deficiency of niacin and/or nicotinic acid (vitamin B 3 ) and presents with the classic tetrad “the 4 D’s”: diarrhea, dermatitis, dementia, and death. 2. Patients with scurvy (vitamin C deficiency) exhibit follicular…
1 How significant is the occurrence of skin disease in the setting of HIV infection? Dermatologic diseases are frequently encountered in HIV-infected patients. In one study of 100 serial outpatients, a 92% prevalence of skin disease was noted. Skin disease…
1 What skin changes are associated with renal disease? Renal disease can manifest in the skin in three ways: Skin changes that associated with renal failure Systemic diseases with renal and cutaneous manifestations (e.g., Henoch-Schönlein purpura) Diseases affecting the kidney…
1 List some of the hallmark skin signs seen with diseases of the digestive tract Cirrhosis: Jaundice, ascites, purpura, spider angiomas Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS): Lip lentigines Inflammatory bowel disease: Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) Gardner syndrome: Osteomas, epidermoid cysts Many diseases of…
1 How does endocrinologic disease cause skin disorders? Endocrinologic disease can produce cutaneous changes in several different ways: Hormones interact with cell surface receptors to regulate cellular function, and many cell types in skin have such hormone receptors. This means…
1 List the five criteria that establish an association between a skin disease and internal malignancy. Helen Curth, while evaluating acanthosis nigricans, established the five criteria known as Curth's postulates: 1. Concurrent onset of the cutaneous disease and internal malignancy.…
1 What are arthropods? Arthropods compose the largest number and most diverse group of animals on earth. They are invertebrates that arise from eggs and share these three anatomic features: segmented bodies, hard exoskeleton, and symmetrically paired and jointed appendages.…
1 Where and how does one acquire cutaneous parasitic diseases? Parasitic skin diseases may arise from systemic spread or direct penetration of the skin. Cutaneous parasitic infestations are a major source of morbidity, affecting millions worldwide. Tropical climates, crowding, poor…