The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Pregnancy Mortality Surveillance System reports that pregnancy-related deaths in the United States have risen from 7.2 per 100,000 live births in 1987 to 17.3 per 100,000 live births in 2013 and stabilized…
Acquired and inherited disorders of the hemostatic system can produce hemorrhage and thrombosis. , Inherited and acquired thrombophilias are associated with venous thromboembolism (VTE), a leading cause of maternal death in the United States, and may be associated with recurrent…
Diagnosis of Heart Disease in Pregnancy Pregnant women with heart disease are at higher risk for cardiovascular complications during pregnancy and also have a higher incidence of neonatal complications. However, the significant hemodynamic changes that accompany pregnancy make the diagnosis…
Select infections during pregnancy carry risks to pregnant individuals, the pregnancy itself, the fetus, and the neonate. The term TORCH, ( t oxoplasmosis, o ther, r ubella, c ytomegalovirus, h erpes simplex virus) was coined in 1971 to categorize pathogens…
Rates of sexually transmitted diseases are increasing in women of reproductive age. Thus, pregnancies complicated by these infections have and will continue to become more prevalent. A number of these infections, such as gonorrhea, chlamydia, herpes simplex virus, and syphilis,…
Acknowledgment We would like to acknowledge the work of Patrick Duff, MD, whose previous chapter on Maternal and Fetal Infections served as the template for this chapter and has been edited accordingly. – Infectious diseases are among the most common…
Infectious disease is frequently encountered by the obstetrician. Some conditions, such as urinary tract infections, endometritis, wound infection, and mastitis, pose a risk primarily to the mother. Other disorders, such as group B streptococci (GBS) infection and toxoplasmosis, are of…
Acknowledgment The authors would like to acknowledge Elliott K. Main, MD, for his work on the previous edition of this chapter. Quality Improvement Maternal mortality is a tragedy for the woman and her family, as well as for health care…
Physicians have always striven to provide patients with the very best care and outcomes. However, in the past 40 years, health care has become progressively more complex, increasingly dependent on technology, and reliant on more team members to provide care.…
Acknowledgments We would like to thank Kara Beth Markham and Edmund Funai for drafting and maintaining this chapter over the course of the previous editions. Classification of Hypertensive Disorders Interpretation of available data regarding hypertension in pregnancy is difficult because…