Application of Grading Scales Patient management is based on how much the normal ocular appearance has changed. In general, a rating of slight (grade 2) or less is considered within normal limits for a population (except staining). A change of…
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Chapter 2 – Materials Nature of polymers Perhaps the best way of visualising the way in which polymer chains arrange themselves is by taking several pieces of string to represent individual molecules. The usual arrangement is random, with the pieces…
The History of Contact Lenses Timothy Bowden Jacqueline Lamb Impression Materials Josef Dallos was the first to successfully take an impression of a living eye and use this mould to make a cast and from that cast make a lens. He was…
The Importance of the Practitioner Being Able to Carry Out Modifications Nowadays, when modifications can be carried out relatively quickly and cheaply by laboratories, it is often difficult to impress on students, and even qualified practitioners, the following reasons why…
There are several advantages to undertaking research in everyday practice rather than in an academic setting. The depth of experience of a full-time practitioner may be more attuned to clinical trends that deserve further investigation. Patients in a normal contact…
This chapter will endeavour to cover the legal aspects of fitting and prescribing contact lenses. To do this, an explanation of the tort of negligence (malpractice) is required with recent precedent case law. This is the basis of most claims…
Introduction to Standards A standard is a technical specification or other document which is available to the public. Such standards are drawn up with the cooperation and consensus or general approval of all interested parties affected by it. Standards should…
This chapter will discuss manufacturing options for producing both soft and rigid gas permeable (RGP) contact lenses, dispensed as either disposable or durable products. Disposable lenses were originally designed to be used for up to 1 month and now as…
This chapter gives a review of the literature which provides evidence that myopia control can be effective and beneficial. Clinical practice can be found on p. 502 of this chapter and in Chapter 19 . Contact lenses have been an…