Historical Background Dotter and Judkins first described percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) using a rigid catheter in 1964. By March 1977 approximately 1800 patients with femoral-popliteal arterial occlusions and stenoses had been treated using this technique, as reported in an international…
Historical Background Popliteal artery entrapment is a congenital anomaly in which the popliteal artery passes medial to and beneath the medial head of the gastrocnemius muscle or a slip of that muscle, with consequent compression or functional occlusion of the…
Historical Background In 1785 Hunter successfully ligated the popliteal artery of a coachman with a large popliteal aneurysm, relying on collateral circulation to maintain the viability of the limb. In 1916, while working at Johns Hopkins, Bertram Bernheim was the…
Historical Background The feasibility of arterial reconstruction was first realized in the early 1900s through pioneering early studies performed by Carrell and Guthrie at the University of Chicago, as well as Bernheim at Johns Hopkins University. The availability of a…
Historical Background Vascular reconstruction of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) using venous autografts dates back to the early twentieth century. Carrel and Guthrie described the technique of vascular anastomosis after developing the model in canines. In 1906 they published their experience…
Historical Background Hepatic artery aneurysms are the second most common type of visceral aneurysms after those of the splenic artery. In 1809 Wilson first described a hepatic artery aneurysm as the “size and shape of a heart involving the left…
Historical Background Visceral artery aneurysms are a rare but clinically important vascular condition and have been recognized for more than 200 years. As of 2002, there were about 3000 cases reported in the literature, and the incidence of visceral artery…
Historical Background Traditionally, the preferred treatment to restore adequate blood flow to the visceral organs was open surgical bypass. This treatment resulted in significant morbidity and mortality rates, ranging from 12% to 33% and 2% to 15%, respectively. In 1980…
Historical Background Embolectomy of the superior mesenteric artery for acute mesenteric ischemia was suggested by Ryvlin in 1943 and Klass in 1951, with the first successful embolectomy reported by Shaw and Rutledge in 1957. The feasibility of performing synchronous superior…
Historical Background Although renal artery aneurysms located in a distal branch can be sacrificed with little consequence to renal function, centrally located aneurysms posed an initial challenge for the development of successful endovascular treatment options. In 1995 Bui and colleagues…