Introduction See Chapter 28 under Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma for additional discussion. Multiple endocrine neoplastic (MEN) syndromes represent primarily autosomal dominant inherited disorders characterized by hyperplastic or neoplastic proliferations of more than one endocrine gland and include: MEN type 1 MEN…
Considerations Optimal management of primary hyperparathyroidism is achieved by selective removal of parathyroid glands guided by the histologic findings in each gland. Surgical management of a patient with primary hyperparathyroidism is to remove one or more enlarged parathyroid glands. Pathologists…
Classification of Neoplasms of the Parathyroid Glands ( Box 33-1 ) Box 33-1 Neoplasms of the Parathyroid Glands Parathyroid adenoma Parathyroid carcinoma Secondary neoplasms Parathyroid Adenoma ( Figs. 33-1 through 33-22 , Table 33-1 ) Definition: Benign neoplasm of the…
Classification of Non-Neoplastic Lesions of the Parathyroid Glands (Box 32-1) Box 32-1 Non-Neoplastic Lesions of the Parathyroid Glands Parathyroid hyperplasia – Primary chief cell hyperplasia – Water-clear cell hyperplasia Parathyroiditis Parathyroid cyst Primary Chief Cell Hyperplasia ( Figs. 32-1 through…
Hyperparathyroidism Definition: Hyperparathyroidism is the state of elevated serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) as a result of excessive secretion (overproduction). Hyperparathyroidism is the most common pathologic condition affecting the parathyroid glands. Causes of hyperparathyroidism due to parathyroid-related disorders are listed in…
Embryology Parathyroid glands are of endodermal origin and originate as symmetric, nodular epithelial proliferations on the dorsal aspects of the third and fourth pharyngeal pouches around the fifth week of gestation. Superior gland develops from the fourth pharyngeal pouch, which…
Post Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy (FNAB)-Related Morphologic Changes ( Figs. 29-1 through 29-11 ) FNAB has tremendous utility as first interventional diagnostic procedure relative to a patient with a thyroid mass. Diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of FNAB of a thyroid…
Classification of Neoplasms of The Thyroid Gland See Box 28-1 . Box 28-1 Classification of Thyroid Gland Neoplasms Follicular Epithelial Origin Benign Follicular adenoma and variants Malignant Follicular carcinoma and variants Papillary carcinoma and variants Poorly differentiated carcinoma Undifferentiated (anaplastic)…
Classification of Non-Neoplastic Lesions of the Thyroid Gland See Box 27-1 . Box 27-1 Classification of Non-Neoplastic Lesions of the Thyroid Gland Developmental Heterotopia/ectopia of thyroid tissues Lingual thyroid Thyroglossal duct cyst Lateral aberrant thyroid, parasitic nodule, and mechanical implantation…
Embryology of the Thyroid ( Fig. 26-1 ) Thyroid gland is the first endocrine gland to appear during embryonic development. Thyroid gland derives from three primordium, median anlage, and lateral anlagen: Median anlage develops around the twenty-fourth day of gestation…