Tag Sameer Arora

Mitral regurgitation (MR) is one of the most commonly encountered valvular diseases, and incidence rises precipitously with age. Severe symptomatic MR leads to heart failure, arrhythmias, pulmonary hypertension, and left ventricular failure. Mitral valve regurgitation is generally categorized based on…

Pathophysiology Age-related degeneration of the valve leaflet is the most common cause of aortic stenosis (AS). Degeneration of the aortic valve involves lipid accumulation, inflammation, and ultimately, calcification. In patients with a bicuspid or a unicuspid aortic valve, abnormal architecture…