Background Progress in endovascular surgery has resulted in a continued shift in the treatment of patients with aortoiliac occlusive disease to less invasive forms of therapy. Early pioneers such as Dotter and Gruntzig developed balloon angioplasty. Subsequent work in stent…
Critical limb ischemia (CLI) represents the most severe degree of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) manifesting by either ischemic rest pain or tissue loss. In patients with CLI who do not have revascularization options, major amputation is required within 1 year…
Historical Background In 1964 Dotter and Judkins first reported percutaneous transluminal angioplasty as a technique for treating atherosclerotic stenoses and occlusions. Application of this method for the treatment of iliac occlusive disease was reported in 1974. In February 1974 Grüntzig…
The management of carotid artery disease remains a topic of current investigation and vigorous debate regarding optimal treatments. Multiple prospective randomized controlled trials have compared the standard therapies, which include carotid endarterectomy (CEA), carotid artery stenting (CAS), and best medical…