Objectives This chapter will: 1. Describe the main dimensions of renal replacement therapy (RRT) dose: efficiency, intensity, and clinical efficacy. 2. Describe the most important studies addressing the impact of RRT dose on the survival of critically ill patients. 3.…
Objectives This chapter will: 1. Introduce the concept of blood purification. 2. Explain the mechanisms of blood purification in sepsis. 3. Evaluate the commonly used blood purification technologies. 4. Discuss the limitations and future directions of blood purification technologies. Extracorporeal…
Objectives This chapter will: 1. Review the epidemiology of sepsis-induced acute kidney injury. 2. Discuss the evidence supporting novel mechanisms leading to acute kidney injury in the setting of sepsis. 3. Review novel approaches to the diagnosis of sepsis-induced acute…
Oliguria is one of the most common problems faced by clinicians in the intensive care unit (ICU). The goal of this chapter is to understand the reasons for oliguria and provide an evidence-based, practical, physiology-based approach to diagnosing and treating…
Pathophysiology and classification The daily urine output is determined predominantly by the daily intake of fluids, daily solute excretion, and the urine-concentrating ability of the nephrons. The average person excretes about 600–800 mOsm of solutes per day, and average urine…
* Previous edition author. Oliguria is a one of the commonest clinical problems encountered by critically ill patients. The prevalence of the problem has been difficult to establish because of a wide variety of definitions used in the literature. Some…