Risk Physiologic anemia, occurring 6–8 wk after birth, is a normal process in term infants. Anemia of prematurity is a pathologic anemia occurring in preterm infants. Extent of prematurity and comorbidities correlate with extent of anemia. Perioperative Risks Term infants…
Risk Full-term infants: 1:2000 Preterm infants: 8:1000 Highest in preterm and low–birth-weight infants Female-to-male ratio: 2:1 Associated with congenital rubella infection and genetic defects, including trisomy 21, CHARGE, and a familial recurrence rate of 3% Perioperative Risks Surgery: Hemorrhage; hemodynamic…
Risk Most common life-threatening intestinal surgical emergency in the newborn. Occurs predominantly in premature infants, with 75% in infants weighing <1500 g. Increasing incidence in term and near-term neonates as well. Perioperative Risks CV instability, acidosis, shock, bowel ischemia, bacteremia,…
Risk Rate approximately 5% in general population and 10–20% in surgical pts; increases to 40% or more in severely ill hospital admissions. Risk increases with severity of underlying disease, presence of malignancy (especially GI), and advancing age (in older [>75…
Risk There are a total of 11 GSDs (0–7, 9, 11, and 12; there is no GSD 8 or 10); the most common are GSD I (Von-Gierke), GSD II (Pompe [3 types]) and GSD III (Cori or Forbe), which may…
Risk Prevalent in children 1–7 y; sometimes called supraglottitis, it does occur in adults (decreasing incidence in children >3 y related to vaccines against Haemophilus influenzae type B, but still found, particularly if pt is not immunized). Adult incidence remains…
Risk Prevalence in USA: 3000–10,000. Group, demographics with highest prevalence include females, 2:1 relative to men, with a peak onset between 30–60 y of age. Perioperative Risks Increased risk of respiratory failure and infections postop Worry About Most case reports…
Risk Children between 6 mo-6 y are at risk (6 mo–3 y at greatest risk). Children with underlying airway abnormalities (e.g., subglottic stenosis) or difficult intubations (e.g., micrognathia) and symptoms are at increased risk and require particular planning. Perioperative Risks…
Risk Incidence in USA: 140,000 with ostium secundum ASD (70–80% of ASDs). Accounts for 7% of all congenital cardiac defects but roughly one-third (30–40%) of congenital cardiac defects in pts older than 40 y. Gender prevalence: Females >males, with a…