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Normal Peritoneum Knowledge of the peritoneum is important in understanding the pathology of the female genital tract. The uterine corpus, along with the fallopian tubes, the cervix, and the upper part of the vagina, develop from the müllerian ducts, which…
Chapter Outline General Features 694 Mode of Spread 694 Site of Origin 696 Intestinal Carcinomas 696 Krukenberg Tumor 699 Carcinoid Tumors 701 Breast Carcinoma 702 Tumors of the Pancreas, Biliary Tract, and Liver 703 Tumors of the Appendix 704 Renal…
General Features Germ cell tumors arise from primordial germ cells and account for approximately 30% of all ovarian tumors. Over 95% of them are benign dermoid cysts (mature cystic teratomas) and the remaining 5% are malignant. Malignant germ cell tumors…
General Features Sex cord–stromal tumors account for approximately 8% of all ovarian tumors and are the most common functioning tumors associated with endocrine manifestations. These tumors contain granulosa cells, theca cells (and their luteinized derivatives), Sertoli cells, Leydig cells, and…
Endometrioid Tumors Endometrioid tumors of the ovary resemble those encountered more frequently in the endometrium. They include endometrioid carcinomas, endometrioid stromal sarcomas, adenosarcomas, and malignant mesodermal mixed tumors (carcinosarcomas). Endometrioid carcinomas are the most common. Although an origin from endometriosis…
General Features Mucinous tumors show cysts and glands lined by epithelial cells containing intracytoplasmic mucin. The tumor cells may resemble those of the endocervix, gastric pylorus, or intestine. They are typically diastase resistant PAS positive, and mucicarmine positive. Mucinous tumors…
Epithelial/Stromal Tumors The tumors in this category account for approximately two-thirds of all ovarian tumors and for about 90% of all ovarian cancers in the Western world. Epithelial ovarian tumors are heterogeneous neoplasms that are primarily classified according to cell…
Introduction Smooth muscle tumors of the uterus are very common and the vast majority are benign leiomyomas. In contrast, leiomyosarcomas are rare and constitute only 1.3% of uterine malignancies ( Figure 19.1 ). Nevertheless, leiomyosarcoma is the most frequent malignant…
Introduction Endometrial adenocarcinomas are a heterogeneous group of tumors derived from endometrial glandular epithelial cells. Most maintain a resemblance to endometrial glands (‘endometrioid’) but even in these cases mucinous or squamous differentiation occurs frequently. A much less common group of…