Physical Address
304 North Cardinal St.
Dorchester Center, MA 02124
Key Points 1. Reoperative cardiac surgery presents greater risk than first-time surgery because patients are usually older, have more comorbidity, and have more advanced cardiovascular disease. Also, resternotomy can be hazardous due to adhesions of cardiac structures to the sternum.…
Key points ▪ Even the most uncommon cardiac diseases are characterized by common and classifiable patterns of cardiac physiology and pathophysiology. ▪ Knowledge of disease effects on determinants of cardiac function allows the practitioner to select appropriate anesthetic drugs and…