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Distal Villous Pathology


D efinition — Abnormalities in distal villous maturation that occur late in pregnancy and are emblematic of underperfusion, including increased syncytial knots, distal villous hypoplasia (DVH), aggregated terminal villi, and chorangiosis.

Clinical Features

Epidemiology

  • Seen as abnormal development of the distal villous tree as a consequence of multiple factors, including diabetes, smoking, anemia, pregnancy at high altitudes, and a number of genetic and epigenetic factors.

  • Distal villous pathology (DVP) is associated with underperfusion and placental ischemia, specifically reversed end-diastolic flow.

  • Linked to intrauterine growth restriction, intrauterine fetal death, and adverse neonatal neurological outcome.

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