Key Points Hip dysplasia commonly presents in adolescent and young adult patients with no known history of hip disease. Early diagnosis is essential to provide the opportunity for optimal hip preservation treatments. History, examination, and plain radiographs are the essential…
Key Points Femoroacetabular impingement is a cause of hip osteoarthritis. Osseous deformities of the proximal femur and acetabulum can result in increased forces and damage to the acetabular rim complex caused by a process of hip motion. The femoral deformity,…
Key Points Epidemiology and Risk Factors Hip osteoarthritis (OA) affects up to one-third of the population and has a varied clinical course, with a final degenerative pathway. Plain radiographs are widely used to diagnosis osteoarthritis, with joint space narrowing being…
Key Points A broad spectrum of radiologic investigations can be used to provide the orthopedic surgeon with important information regarding hip anatomy and pathology, facilitating diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment planning for hip disease. Radiography is the first line of imaging…
Key Points Perform a standardized history and physical examination protocol of the hip. Perform examinations of the hip with consistent technique. Incorporate physical examination findings with quality radiographic and three-planar osseous assessment through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography…
Key Points The goal of rehabilitation is to maximize functional outcomes and improve an individual's ability to perform activities of daily living in a timely fashion after treatment has been rendered. Surgical treatment options for hip pathology include total hip…
Key Points Clinicians should assess all patients for factors increasing the risk of venous thromboembolic events (VTEs). Having total hip arthroplasty (THA) puts a patient in a high-risk group. THA patients are often older, with additional comorbidities that increase the…
Key Points Multimodal analgesia, including regional blockade and nonopioid medication, reduces opioid requirements and side effects. Postoperative lumbar plexus blockade is superior to neuraxial analgesia for patients undergoing major hip surgery. Psoas compartment block provides complete unilateral lumbar plexus anesthesia…
Key Points The pathophysiologic surgical stress response causes widespread changes in organ function and can lead to postoperative complications. Perioperative care should be aimed at minimizing the stress response. Preoperative assessment should include careful review of each patient's past medical…
Key Points Reported mortality rates vary between 0.2% and 1% in the early postoperative period (30–90 days) Most deaths are related to cardiopulmonary complications. Advanced age and comorbidities have been associated with increased risk for death. Patients who have had…