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As the name implies, pulmonary function testing provides quantification of pulmonary physiologic function. By definition this information is disease independent and static, representing a point-in-time evaluation. Nonetheless, this information can be very helpful for building a differential diagnosis. In fact,…

Development and gross anatomy Airway development During early embryogenesis (at approximately day 21 after fertilization), the lungs begin as a groove in the ventral floor of the foregut ( Fig. 1.1 ). This foregut depression becomes a diverticulum of endoderm,…