Introduction The taxonomy complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) was introduced in 1993 by the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) to describe the pain syndromes reflex sympathetic dystrophy (type 1) and causalgia (type 2). CRPS is a conglomeration…
Clinical Presentation Craniofacial neuralgias are a common source of chronic pain. They can be primary or secondary to insults such as trauma, surgery, tumors, or infections. Occipital neuralgia was one of the first cranial neuralgias to be routinely treated with…
Introduction Hip joint pain and pathology is traditionally separated into anterior and posterior innervations. Anterior innervation is provided by the articular branches of the femoral (anterior capsule) and obturator (anteromedial capsule) nerves. The posterior innervation is by articular branches of…
Introduction Chronic neuropathic pain of the lower extremity caused by sural nerve pathology is a rare reason for patients to seek medical attention. These pathologies have several underlying etiologies, and patients may have symptoms that limit their quality of life…
Introduction Neuropathic pain is a common type of chronic pain that affects approximately 4.6% of the European population and 17.9% of Canada’s population. The estimated prevalence in the United States is 12.4%. Peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) is a currently evolving…
Introduction Peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) is an evolving neuromodulation modality that is used to treat chronic neuropathic pain in the distribution of a specific named nerve or branch of a named nerve. PNS continues to evolve, with the addition of…
Clinical Presentation The peroneal nerves described in this chapter, which are also known as fibular nerves, are comprised of the common peroneal nerve (CPN), superficial peroneal nerve (SPN), and deep peroneal nerve (DPN) ( Fig. 27.1 ). The CPN (also…
Introduction Peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) is an effective neuromodulation modality for the treatment of chronic neuropathic pain in the distribution of specific peripheral nerves. Saphenous and genicular nerves play an important role in the treatment algorithm for chronic knee pain.…
Clinical Presentation The sciatic nerve is the largest nerve in the body, measuring 0.8 cm to 1.5 cm in width. Disturbances along the sciatic nerve may lead to sciatic neuropathy. Among neuropathies of the lower extremity, sciatic neuropathy is the…
Introduction The femoral nerve is the largest branch of the lumbar plexus and is comprised of branches from the L2 to L4 nerve roots. It is a mixed nerve with motor branches innervating hip flexors and knee extenders, as well…