Introduction Dance is an activity that can be found in most cultures dating back to ancient times. Dance is unique in its fusion of art and athletic activity. Dance can increase cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength and endurance, flexibility, and bone…
Introduction November 2, 1898, is considered cheerleading’s official start date when the University of Minnesota organized a “yell leader” group of six male students for football games. By 1923, the University of Minnesota allowed women to participate in cheerleading, but…
Introduction Disciplines: acrobatic, artistic, gymnastics for all, parkour, rhythmic, tumbling, and trampoline ( Tables 90.1 to 90.5 ) Olympic disciplines: artistic, rhythmic, trampoline Table 90.1 Acrobatic Gymnastics (Men and Women) Events Levels Women’s pairs Men’s pairs Mixed pairs Women’s group…
General Principles Overview The popularity of mixed martial arts (MMA) has grown tremendously in the last 20 years. Despite this incredible growth, consensus with respect to management of common injuries and proper ringside management of these athletes is lacking. Coverage…
Acknowledgment The author would like to acknowledge the work of Aaron Monseau, MD, on the previous edition’s chapter. Introduction Wrestling is widely considered to be the world’s oldest sport, dating back to the ancient Greeks. It is a worldwide sport,…
Introduction Boxing is one of the most ancient sports Marquis of Queensbury modified the rules in the early 1800s The 1904 St. Louis Olympic Games saw men’s boxing introduced as a competition sport and women’s boxing as an exhibition sport.…
Introduction Martial arts are bodies of codified practices or traditions of training for unarmed and armed combat, usually without the use of guns and other modern weapons. People study martial arts for various reasons, including improved fitness, self-realization (meditation), mental/character…
Introduction As a competitive sport, rowing dates back several hundred years and was an original sport in the modern Olympic Games. First intercollegiate sport in the United States; initial race held in 1852 (Harvard vs. Yale). With the adoption of…
Introduction Understanding the sport of sailing and the wide variations in sailboat classes, events, equipment, crew positions, and physical demands is essential to caring for a sailing team. The sport has evolved from early yacht racing in England in the…
General Principles Overview Diving includes multiple activities performed in an aquatic environment. Technology allows people to enjoy the underwater experience. An estimated 2.8–3 million US divers participate each year. People dive for various reasons, including new experience, unique environment and…