## Kidney disease is defined by a reduction in the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), impairment of tubular function, or damage to kidney structure. This damage manifests as loss of the integrity of the filtration barrier, impairment of tubular function, or…
## The relatively simple chemical tests performed during routine urinalysis rapidly provide important information about a number of primary kidney and systemic disorders. The microscopic examination of the urine sediment is an indispensable part of the evaluation of patients with…
## Excretory function of the kidney occurs by glomerular filtration of plasma followed by selective tubular reabsorption or secretion of water and solutes to maintain homeostasis. Because glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is generally considered the best overall assessment of kidney…
Development of the Mammalian Kidney Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) are common birth defects that account for 40%-50% of pediatric end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) worldwide. These comprise a wide range of malformations that may be sporadic…
## The kidneys play an essential role in normal homeostasis. The key functions of the kidneys include: 1 Maintenance of normal body fluid composition . The kidney plays a primary role in the regulation of both the intracellular and extracellular…