Introduction Nonepithelial tumors of the colon and rectum are rare and represent fewer than 1% of all neoplasms of the colon and the rectum. They can be categorized as benign or malignant. In this chapter we will briefly discuss benign…
Introduction Colorectal carcinoma metastasizes to the lung in 10% to 15% of patients. The decision about whether to perform surgery for a patient with lung metastasis must take into account the patient’s ability to tolerate surgery, as well as the…
Introduction The liver is the most common site for colorectal cancer (CRC) metastases; 15% to 20% of patients present with synchronous lesions, and metachronous metastases occur in 40% to 50% of patients. Liver metastases are present in 60% to 70%…
Acknowledgments Dr. Khorana acknowledges research support from the Sondra and Stephen Hardis Endowed Chair in Oncology Research, the Scott Hamilton CARES Initiative, the Porter Family Fund for Biliary Genomics Research, and the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (1R34HL127156). Dr.…
Introduction Surgical resection is the primary curative treatment for patients with localized colorectal cancer. The most accurate prognostic indicator of colon cancer is its stage at diagnosis, and in patients with locally advanced disease, chemotherapy has a role in decreasing…
Introduction Malignant tumors of the appendix are rare, making up approximately 0.4% of all intestinal neoplasms. About 1% of all large bowel cancers arise from the appendix. The histopathology of appendiceal malignancy has been confusing, and the approach to therapy…
Introduction Approximately 5% of all colorectal cancers (CRCs) are associated with a hereditary syndrome, where a germline mutation in a key tumor suppressor or DNA repair gene produces a cancer predisposition that can be inherited. Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC)…
Introduction Desmoid disease is a benign proliferation of fibroblasts that produces a spectrum of manifestations from rapidly growing tumors to indolent nodules and flat sheets of tissue that distort surrounding organs. Although desmoid disease occurs in the general population, it…
Introduction Hereditary colorectal cancer syndromes account for approximately 5% of all colorectal cancers. Traditionally they have been categorized according to the number and histologic features of colorectal polyps in affected patients, although there is significant blurring of the distinction between…
Introduction Cancer is a disorder of cellular growth and differentiation that is due to a loss of function of regulatory pathways and feedback loops. Colorectal cancer is an excellent example of this mechanism because access via colonoscopy to the spectrum…