Over the past few decades, there has been a tremendous advancement in the medical and surgical management of patients with congenital heart disease (CHD), leading to an improved survival into adulthood. It has been estimated in various population-based studies worldwide…
Aortitis is a general and nonspecific term that refers to a broad group of infectious and noninfectious conditions in which there is abnormal inflammation of the aortic wall. These inflammatory conditions have different clinical and morphologic features and variable prognoses.…
Postsurgical Imaging of the Aortic Root and Aorta Advances in imaging have raised expectations of improved outcomes for both emergency and elective surgery of the aorta. These advances have allowed early diagnosis and more prompt surgical intervention. Simultaneous with improvements…
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Blunt aortic trauma (BAT) is a life-threatening injury because most patients die at the scene, and delayed adventitial rupture may occur during hospitalization. Multiplane transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and contrast-enhanced helical computed tomography (CT) have similar diagnostic accuracy for the identification…
Acknowledgment The authors acknowledge the contributions of Dr. Raimund Erbel, Dr. Sofia Churzidse, Dr. Riccardo Gorla, and Dr. Alexander Janosi, who were the authors of this chapter in the previous edition. Intramural hematoma (IMH) and penetrating atherosclerotic ulcers (PAU), along…
Aortic dissection (AD) is a form of acute aortic syndrome (AAS). This syndrome encompasses several life-threatening clinical entities with overlapping features, including acute onset of chest pain, disruption of the aortic wall media, and a need for urgent medical care…
The sinuses of Valsalva are cuplike dilatations in the aortic wall just above the three cusps of the aortic valve (AV). These sinuses function in part to suspend the AV between the valve annulus and the sinotubular ridge. In addition,…
Imaging techniques play a pivotal role in the diagnosis, follow-up and management of aortic aneurysms. Ultrasonography, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)have strengths and limitations in the assessment of this disease depending on the aortic segment involved and…
Acknowledgment The authors would like to acknowledge the contribution of Dr. Paul A. Tunick, who was one of the authors for this chapter in the previous edition. Nearly 150 years ago, P.L. Panum suggested that atherosclerotic material within the aorta…